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1.3. Types of Pacemaker Clusters

Pacemaker makes no assumptions about your environment, this allows it to support practically any redundancy configuration including Active/Active, Active/Passive, N+1, N+M, N-to-1 and N-to-N.
Active/Passive Redundancy
Two-node Active/Passive clusters using Pacemaker and DRBD are a cost-effective solution for many High Availability situations.
Figure 1.1. Active/Passive Redundancy

Shared Failover
By supporting many nodes, Pacemaker can dramatically reduce hardware costs by allowing several active/passive clusters to be combined and share a common backup node
Figure 1.2. Shared Failover

N to N Redundancy
When shared storage is available, every node can potentially be used for failover. Pacemaker can even run multiple copies of services to spread out the workload.
Figure 1.3. N to N Redundancy